1. 新增日常管理的用户: myname
adduser myname
2. 将用户加入sudo组:
gpasswd -a myname sudo
3. 启用sudo功能: visudo在/etc/sudoers文件里root那行后面添加入新加的管理用户：
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
myname ALL=(ALL) ALL
4. 重新以 myname 账户登入, 并测试 sudo 功能
sudo myname
5. 禁用root账户
sudo passwd -l root
6. 修改ubuntu的软件更新源:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
7. 更新系统:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
8. 安装需要软件:
sudo apt-get install language-pack-en language-pack-zh
sudo apt-get install bash-completion
sudo apt-get install vim ctags vim-doc vim-scripts
sudo apt-get install screen byobu
#安装压缩解压缩软件
sudo apt-get install bzip2 unzip unrar p7zip
#安装基本的语言环境和开发包
sudo apt-get install perl python python-dev ruby ruby-dev sqlite sqlite3 openssl
#安装编译环境和开发包
sudo apt-get install gcc g++ make autoconf automake patch gdb libtool cpp build-essential libc6-dev libncurses-dev expat
#安装第三方类库的开发包
sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev libexpat1-dev libssl-dev libdb-dev libgmp3-dev liblzo2-dev
#安装版本控制工具
sudo apt-get install git-core subversion mercurial